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{{italic title}}
{{Infobox advertising
{{Infobox advertising
| image               =
| name               = Kipper
| image_size         =
| image              = Kipper 1980 ad - submarine and kipper.jpg
| thumbtime           =
| image_size         =  
| upright            =
| thumbtime         =  
| caption             =
| image_upright      =  
| agency             = [[Wikipedia:TBWA Worldwide|TBWA]]
| caption           = Frame from the advertisement showing the titular kipper and the submarine
| client             = [[LEGO UK Ltd]]
| agency             = [[Wikipedia:TBWA Worldwide|TBWA\London]]
| market             =
| client             = [[LEGO UK Ltd]]
| language           =
| market             =  
| media               = Television
| language           = English
| runtime             = 45 seconds
| media             = Television
| product             =
| runtime           = 45 seconds
| released           = {{Film date|df=yes|1980|10|29|<!--location|-->ref1=}}
| product           =  
| slogan             = It's a new toy every day
| released           = {{Film date|df=yes|1980|10|29|ref1=<ref name="Campaign article 949419"/>}}
| writer             = Mike Cozens
| slogan             = It's a new toy every day
| director           = [[Wikipedia:Ken Turner (director)|Ken Turner]]
| writer             = {{ubl|Mike Cozens (copywriter)|Graham Watson (art director)}}
| editing            = Patrick Udale
| director           = [[Wikipedia:Ken Turner (director)|Ken Turner]]
| starring           = [[Wikipedia:Roger Kitter|Roger Kitter]] (voice-over)
| music              =  
| production company = [[Wikipedia:Clearwater Features|Clearwater Films]]
| starring           = [[Wikipedia:Roger Kitter|Roger Kitter]] (voice-over)
| producer           = David Mitten
| production company = [[Wikipedia:Clearwater Features|Clearwater Films]]
| country             = United Kingdom
| producer           = {{ubl|[[Wikipedia:David Mitton|David Mitton]]|Jane Bearman (agency)<ref name="Cook 1981"/>}}
| budget             =
| country           = United Kingdom
| budget             =
| preceded_by        =
| followed_by        =
| website            =  
}}
}}


'''''Kipper''''' is a British stop-motion [[Wikipedia:Television advertisement|television commercial]] first aired in 1980.
"'''Kipper'''" is a TV ad from 1980.


== Summary ==
== Summary ==
The advertisement shows a small LEGO mouse
Summary of the advertisement


when a LEGO cat appears
== Production ==
"Kipper" was created by [[Wikipedia:Copywriting|copywriter]] Mike Cozens and [[Wikipedia:Art director|art director]] Graham Watson at the London branch of the [[Wikipedia:Advertising agency|advertising agency]] [[Wikipedia:TBWA Worldwide|TBWA]].<ref name="Cook 1981"/>
 
 
(Lego models)
The LEGO models used in "Kipper" were created by [[David Lyall]], the chief model designer at LEGO UK.<ref name="Cook 1981"/><ref name="Bricks 'n Pieces 1981-1"/>
The largest LEGO model in the film, the dragon, contained around {{formatnum:20000}} LEGO bricks.{{R|One Show 1981|p=86}}
 
 
(Clearwater)
"Kipper" was produced at [[Wikipedia:Clearwater Features|Clearwater Films]], a studio founded by former [[Wikipedia:AP Films|Century 21]] directors [[Wikipedia:Ken Turner (director)|Ken Turner]] and [[Wikipedia:David Mitton|David Mitton]].<ref name="McCarthy Drum"/><ref name="Moody AWN"/> Turner and Mitton worked on "Kipper" as its director and producer, respectively.{{R|Myerson 2002|p=486}}
 
In a meeting with Cozens and Watson, Clearwater suggested building a detailed set "complete with wallpaper and carpets" for filming, but Watson wanted to direct it "simply", using "just the skirting board and a reflective [glass] floor."<ref name="Art Direction Book"/>{{R|Myerson 2002|p=252}}


mouse, cat, dog, dragon, fire engine, submarine, submarine-eating kipper (initially misheard as "slipper"), an "anti-kipper ballistic missile", a "missile cruncher", elephant, mouse
Filming took place over the course of seventeen days, and was done in a single [[Wikipedia:Take|take]].{{R|One Show 1981|p=86}} Watson likened the filming process to watching paint dry.<ref name="Dye interview Watson"/>


== Production ==
''Kipper'' was created at the London branch of the [[Wikipedia:Advertising agency|advertising agency]] [[Wikipedia:TBWA Worldwide|TBWA]] by [[Wikipedia:Copywriting|copywritter]] Mike Cozens and [[Wikipedia:Art director|art director]] Graham Watson.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Cozens and Watson had joined TBWA in February 1980 and had developed two print advertisements for [[the LEGO Group]] before being briefed on a television project.<ref name="Dye"/> The commercial had to be created on a limited budget; the two did not want to resort to making a "dull" presenter commercial, and spent numerous late nights developing the concept and working with the accounting team to get script approval.<ref name="1981 One Show"/>
The advertisement was produced by [[Wikipedia:Clearwater Features|Clearwater Films]]. Clearwater suggested building a set with wallpaper and carpets, but Watson wanted to direct it "simply", using "just the skirting board and a reflective floor."<ref name="Bishop"/>


Filming took place over the course of seventeen days, and was done in a single take.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> The LEGO models in the film were created by [[David Lyall]], a model designer at LEGO UK.<ref name="Bricks n Pieces"/> Lyall built each model in stages, and a few frames of footage were shot between each stage. The largest LEGO model in the film, the dragon, was built out of {{formatnum:20000}} LEGO bricks.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Additional [[Wikipedia:Stop motion|stop motion animation]] was done by Denis Russo.<ref name="Cook"/> Director Ken Turner and his team planned out the timing for both the building sequences and for zooming and panning the camera, having to make sure the camera movement lined up with each stage of the models.<ref name="1981 One Show"/>
For the advertisement's [[Wikipedia:Voice-over|voice-over]], TBWA initially considered using actor and comedian [[Wikipedia:Mike Reid (actor)|Mike Reid]] before deciding on entertainer [[Wikipedia:Tommy Cooper|Tommy Cooper]], as his voice had done well in [[Wikipedia:Market research|market research]] at the time.<ref name="Robinson 2000"/> However, the agency ultimately replaced Cooper with [[Wikipedia:Sound-alike|sound-alike]] [[Wikipedia:Roger Kitter|Roger Kitter]].<ref name="Lego Parents"/><ref name="McCarthy Drum"/> Cooper was apparently ill when it was time to record his voice-over,<ref name="Robinson 2000"/> though another account claims Cooper's agent told Cozens and Watson "For Christ's sake, don't use Tommy. He can't read and he'll totally screw it up. Use Roger Kitter instead."<ref name="Awdry blog"/> Kitter, an [[Wikipedia:Impressionist (entertainment)|impressionist]], narrated the advertisement with an impersonation of Cooper, including using Cooper's catchphrase "just like that".<ref name="Russel 2013"/> Audiences at the time were unable to tell Kitter's impression was not actually Cooper's voice.<ref name="Robinson 2000"/><ref name="McCarthy Drum"/>


TBWA initially considered comedian [[Wikipedia:Mike Reid (actor)|Mike Reid]] for the advertisement’s [[Wikipedia:Voice-over|voice-over]]. They instead decided on [[Wikipedia:Tommy Cooper|Tommy Cooper]], as his voice had done well in research at the time even among international audiences. Cooper was ill at the time of recording, however, and [[Wikipedia:Impressionist (entertainment)|impressionist]] [[Wikipedia:Roger Kitter|Roger Kitter]] was hired to impersonate him; audiences ended up thinking Kitter's impression was Cooper's voice.<ref name="Robinson"/><ref name="McCarthy"/>
to use: <ref name="Dye interview Cozens"/><ref name="Marshall 1994"/><ref name="Kanner 1999"/><ref name="Channel 4 100 list"/><ref name="Channel 4 100 video"/>


<ref name="Kanner"/>
== Reception ==
According to ''[[Wikipedia:Campaign (magazine)|Campaign]]'''s website, "Kipper" first premiered on 29 October 1980.<ref name="Campaign article 949419"/> ''[[Bricks 'n Pieces]]'' asserts that it aired during the 1980 Christmas season.<ref name="Bricks 'n Pieces 1981-1"/><ref name="Ten Best 1980s"/>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="1981 One Show">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/oneshowadvertisi0000unse_c1w0/page/n95/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The One Show: Advertising's Best Print, Radio, TV |volume=3 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:The One Club|The One Club for Art and Copy]] |location=[[Wikipedia:New York City|New York]] |year=1982 |isbn=0-960-2628-3-0 |issn=0273-2033 |page=86}}</ref>
<ref name="Art Direction Book">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/artdirectionbook0000roto/page/170/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The Art Direction Book |publisher=Rotovision SA |location=[[Wikipedia:Crans, Switzerland|Crans, Switzerland]] |year=1996 |isbn=2-88046-284-3 |editor-first=Louise |editor-last=Bishop |section=Graham Watson |pages=170-171}}</ref>


<ref name="Bishop">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/artdirectionbook0000roto/page/170/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The Art Direction Book |publisher=Rotovision SA |location=[[Wikipedia:Crans, Switzerland|Crans, Switzerland]] |year=1996 |isbn=2-88046-284-3 |editor-first=Louise |editor-last=Bishop |pages=170-171}}</ref>
<ref name="Awdry blog">{{cite web |url=https://willawdry.blog/2020/09/23/watson-and-cozens/ |title=Watson and Cozens |date=23 September 2020 |first=Will |last=Awdry |website=willawdry.blog |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317041004/https://willawdry.blog/2020/09/23/watson-and-cozens/ |archive-date=17 March 2025}}</ref>


<ref name="Bricks n Pieces">{{cite magazine |url=https://archive.org/details/BricksNPieces-Spring1981-Brickset/mode/2up?view=theater |title=A Merry Old Soul |magazine=[[Bricks 'n Pieces]] |date=Spring 1981 |number=7 |editor-first=Clive |editor-last=Nicholls |editor-link=Clive Nicholls |page=1 |location=[[Wikipedia:Wrexham|Wrexham]], [[Wikipedia:Clwyd|Clwyd]] |publisher=[[LEGO UK Ltd]]}}</ref>
<ref name="Bricks 'n Pieces 1981-1">{{cite magazine |url=https://archive.org/details/BricksNPieces-Spring1981-Brickset/mode/2up?view=theater |title=A Merry Old Soul |magazine=[[Bricks 'n Pieces]] |date=Spring 1981 |number=7 |editor-first=Clive |editor-last=Nicholls |editor-link=Clive Nicholls |page=1 |location=[[Wikipedia:Wrexham|Wrexham]], [[Wikipedia:Clwyd|Clwyd]] |publisher=[[LEGO UK Ltd]]}}</ref>


<ref name="Cook">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofwi0000cook/page/5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The Guiness Book of Winners and Champions |edition=2nd |year=1981 |first1=Chris |last1=Cook |first2=Anne |last2=Marshall |publisher=Guiness Superlatives Limited |location=[[Wikipedia:Enfield, London|Enfield, London]] |isbn=0-85112-218-3 |page=5}}</ref>
<ref name="Campaign article 949419">{{cite web |url=https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/lego-kipper-tbwa/949419 |title=Lego 'kipper' by TBWA |year=29 October 2009 |website=[[Wikipedia:Campaign (magazine)|Campaign]] |publisher=[[Wikipedia:Haymarket Media Group|Haymarket Media Group]] |location=[[Wikipedia:London|London]] |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240817020449/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/lego-kipper-tbwa/949419 |archive-date=17 August 2024 |access-date=17 August 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="Dye">{{cite interview |url=https://davedye.com/2023/11/27/blog-cast-graham-watson-1/ |title=BLOG/CAST: Graham Watson #1 |website=Stuff From the Loft |first=Graham |last=Watson |interviewer=Dave Dye |date=November 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817134023/https://davedye.com/2023/11/27/blog-cast-graham-watson-1/ |archive-date=2024-08-17 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-08-17}}</ref>
<ref name="Channel 4 100 list">{{cite web |url=http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/greatest_ads/ |title=The 100 Greatest TV Ads |year=2000 |website=Channel 4 Television |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010618095141/http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/greatest_ads/ |archive-date=18 June 2001}}</ref>


<ref name="Kanner">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/100besttvcommerc00kann/page/90/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The 100 Best TV Commercials ...and Why They Worked |first=Bernice |last=Kanner |year=1999 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:Times Books|Times Books]] |location=[[Wikipedia:New York City|New York]] |isbn=0-8129-2995-0 |pages=90-91}}</ref>
<ref name="Channel 4 100 video">{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj14p4nulUw&t=2385 |title=The 100 Greatest TV Ads |date=29 April 2000 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:Channel 4|Channel 4]] |location=London |time=39:45-40:25 |type=Repeat airing on 29 August 2004 |access-date=18 August 2024}}</ref>


<ref name="McCarthy">{{cite web |url=https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/06/14/world-s-best-ads-ever-88-lego-lays-the-foundations-40-year-legacy-with-kipper |title= World’s best ads ever #88: Lego lays the foundations for 40-year legacy with 'Kipper' |first=John |last=McCarthy |date=June 14, 2022 |website=The Drum |publisher=Carnyx Group |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817094431/https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/06/14/world-s-best-ads-ever-88-lego-lays-the-foundations-40-year-legacy-with-kipper |archive-date=2024-08-17 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-08-17}}</ref>
<ref name="Cook 1981">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofwi0000cook/page/5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The Guiness Book of Winners and Champions |edition=2nd |year=1981 |first1=Chris |last1=Cook |first2=Anne |last2=Marshall |publisher=Guiness Superlatives Limited |location=[[Wikipedia:Enfield, London|Enfield, London]] |isbn=0-85112-218-3 |page=5}}</ref>


<ref name="Robinson">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/100greatesttvads0000robi/page/34/mode/2up?view=theater |title=100 Greatest TV Ads |first=Mark |last=Robinson |year=2000 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:HarperCollins|HarperCollins]] |location=[[Wikipedia:London|London]] |page=34 |isbn=0-00-711123-1}}</ref>
<ref name="Dye interview Cozens">{{cite interview |url=https://davedye.com/2016/01/29/mike-cozens-interview/ |title=INTERVIEW: Mike Cozens |website=Stuff From the Loft |first=Mike |last=Cozens |interviewer=Dave Dye |date=January 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818094227/https://davedye.com/2016/01/29/mike-cozens-interview/ |archive-date=2024-08-18 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-08-18}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Dye interview Watson">{{cite interview |url=https://davedye.com/2023/11/27/blog-cast-graham-watson-1/ |title=BLOG/CAST: Graham Watson #1 |website=Stuff From the Loft |first=Graham |last=Watson |interviewer=Dave Dye |date=November 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817134023/https://davedye.com/2023/11/27/blog-cast-graham-watson-1/ |archive-date=2024-08-17 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-08-17}} Includes three documents:
* {{cite document |last=Hegarty |first=John |author-link=Wikipedia:John Hegarty (advertising executive) |date=18 October 1979 |title=TBWA contract letter |type=Letter to Graham Watson |location=[[Wikipedia:Covent Garden|Covent Garden]], London |publisher=TBWA}}
* {{cite document |last1=Watson |first1=Graham |last2=Cozens |first2=Mike |date=25 April 1980 |title='Kipper' TV/Radio Script |publisher=TBWA}}
* {{cite document |last1=Watson |first1=Graham |last2=Cozens |first2=Mike |last3=Bearman |first3=Jane |date=15 July 1980 |title='Kipper' Contact Report |publisher=TBWA}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Kanner 1999">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/100besttvcommerc00kann/page/90/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The 100 Best TV Commercials ...and Why They Worked |first=Bernice |last=Kanner |year=1999 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:Times Books|Times Books]] |location=[[Wikipedia:New York City|New York]] |isbn=0-8129-2995-0 |pages=90-91}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Lego Parents">{{cite web |title=Kipper Back in the Menu for LEGO UK |date=27 November 2009 |author=<!--none listed--> |url=http://parents.lego.com/en-gb/news/Kipper.aspx |website=[[LEGO.com]] Parents News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203163057/http://parents.lego.com/en-gb/news/Kipper.aspx |archive-date=3 December 2009}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Marshall 1994">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofwi0000mars/page/5/mode/2up?view=theater |title=The Guinness Book of Winners |first=Anne |last=Marshall |year=1994 |page=5 |isbn=0-85112-791-6 |publisher=Guinness Publishing |location=[[Wikipedia:Enfield, London|Enfield, London]]}}</ref>
 
<ref name="McCarthy Drum">{{cite web |url=https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/06/14/world-s-best-ads-ever-88-lego-lays-the-foundations-40-year-legacy-with-kipper |title= World’s best ads ever #88: Lego lays the foundations for 40-year legacy with 'Kipper' |first=John |last=McCarthy |date=June 14, 2022 |website=The Drum |publisher=Carnyx Group |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817094431/https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/06/14/world-s-best-ads-ever-88-lego-lays-the-foundations-40-year-legacy-with-kipper |archive-date=2024-08-17 |url-status=live |access-date=2024-08-17}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Moody AWN">{{cite web |url=https://www.awn.com/news/childrens-tv-creator-dies-unexpectedly |title= Children's TV Creator Dies Unexpectedly |first=Annemarie |last=Moody |date=May 28, 2008 |website=Animation World Network |publisher=Animation World Network |location=[[Wikipedia:Van Nuys|Van Nuys, California]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818103330/https://www.awn.com/news/childrens-tv-creator-dies-unexpectedly |archive-date=18 August 2024 |access-date=18 August 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Myerson 2002">{{cite book |url= |title=Rewind: Forty Years of Design & Advertising |year=2002 |publisher=Phaidon Press |location=[[Wikipedia:New York City|New York]] |isbn=0-7148-4271-0 |first1=Jeremy |last1=Myerson |first2=Graham |last2=Vickers |pages=[https://archive.org/details/rewindfortyyears0000myer/page/252/mode/2up?view=theater 252], [https://archive.org/details/rewindfortyyears0000myer/page/486/mode/2up?view=theater 486]}}</ref>
 
<ref name="One Show 1981">{{cite book |url= |title=The One Show: Advertising's Best Print, Radio, TV |volume=3 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:The One Club|The One Club for Art and Copy]] |location=[[Wikipedia:New York City|New York]] |year=1982 |isbn=0-960-2628-3-0 |issn=0273-2033 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/oneshowadvertisi0000unse_c1w0/page/n55/mode/2up?view=theater 46], [https://archive.org/details/oneshowadvertisi0000unse_c1w0/page/n95/mode/2up?view=theater 86]}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Robinson 2000">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/100greatesttvads0000robi/page/34/mode/2up?view=theater |title=100 Greatest TV Ads |first=Mark |last=Robinson |year=2000 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:HarperCollins|HarperCollins]] |location=[[Wikipedia:London|London]] |page=34 |isbn=0-00-711123-1}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Russel 2013">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9783836545242/page/53/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Game Changers: The Evolution of Advertising |editor-first1=Peter |editor-last1=Russel |editor-first2=Senta |editor-last2=Slingerland |year=2013 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:Taschen|Taschen]] |location=[[Wikipedia:Cologne|Cologne]] |isbn=978-3-8365-4524-2 |page=53}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Ten Best 1980s">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/advertisingstenb0000unse/page/66/mode/2up?view=theater |title=Advertising's Ten Best Of The Decade 1980–1990 |publisher=[[Wikipedia:The One Club|The One Club for Art and Copy]] |location=[[Wikipedia:New York City|New York]] |isbn=0-929837-02-9 |year=1990 |editor-first=Mary |editor-last=Warlick |page=66}}</ref>
}}
}}


[[Category:1980 films]]
== External links ==
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961018033908/http://www.chiatday.com/product/historical_work/tv/kipper/kipper.html |title=TBWA\Chiat\Day product page for ''Kipper'' |date=18 October 1996}}
 
[[Category:Cannes Lions winners]]
[[Category:LEGO advertisements]]
[[Category:LEGO advertisements]]

Latest revision as of 00:19, 26 March 2025

Kipper
Frame from the advertisement showing the titular kipper and the submarine
AgencyTBWA\London
ClientLEGO UK Ltd
LanguageEnglish
MediaTelevision
Running time45 seconds
Release date(s)
  • 29 October 1980 (1980-10-29)[1]
Slogan
  • It's a new toy every day
Written by
  • Mike Cozens (copywriter)
  • Graham Watson (art director)
Directed byKen Turner
Starring
Production
company		Clearwater Films
Produced by
CountryUnited Kingdom

"Kipper" is a TV ad from 1980.

Summary

Summary of the advertisement

Production

"Kipper" was created by copywriter Mike Cozens and art director Graham Watson at the London branch of the advertising agency TBWA.[2]


(Lego models) The LEGO models used in "Kipper" were created by David Lyall, the chief model designer at LEGO UK.[2][3] The largest LEGO model in the film, the dragon, contained around 20,000 LEGO bricks.[4]: 86 


(Clearwater) "Kipper" was produced at Clearwater Films, a studio founded by former Century 21 directors Ken Turner and David Mitton.[5][6] Turner and Mitton worked on "Kipper" as its director and producer, respectively.[7]: 486 

In a meeting with Cozens and Watson, Clearwater suggested building a detailed set "complete with wallpaper and carpets" for filming, but Watson wanted to direct it "simply", using "just the skirting board and a reflective [glass] floor."[8][7]: 252 

Filming took place over the course of seventeen days, and was done in a single take.[4]: 86  Watson likened the filming process to watching paint dry.[9]


For the advertisement's voice-over, TBWA initially considered using actor and comedian Mike Reid before deciding on entertainer Tommy Cooper, as his voice had done well in market research at the time.[10] However, the agency ultimately replaced Cooper with sound-alike Roger Kitter.[11][5] Cooper was apparently ill when it was time to record his voice-over,[10] though another account claims Cooper's agent told Cozens and Watson "For Christ's sake, don't use Tommy. He can't read and he'll totally screw it up. Use Roger Kitter instead."[12] Kitter, an impressionist, narrated the advertisement with an impersonation of Cooper, including using Cooper's catchphrase "just like that".[13] Audiences at the time were unable to tell Kitter's impression was not actually Cooper's voice.[10][5]

to use: [14][15][16][17][18]

Reception

According to Campaign's website, "Kipper" first premiered on 29 October 1980.[1] Bricks 'n Pieces asserts that it aired during the 1980 Christmas season.[3][19]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Lego 'kipper' by TBWA". Campaign. London: Haymarket Media Group. 29 October 2009. Archived from the original on 17 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Cook, Chris; Marshall, Anne (1981). The Guiness Book of Winners and Champions (2nd ed.). Enfield, London: Guiness Superlatives Limited. p. 5. ISBN 0-85112-218-3.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nicholls, Clive, ed. (Spring 1981). "A Merry Old Soul". Bricks 'n Pieces. No. 7. Wrexham, Clwyd: LEGO UK Ltd. p. 1.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 The One Show: Advertising's Best Print, Radio, TV. Vol. 3. New York: The One Club for Art and Copy. 1982. pp. 46, 86. ISBN 0-960-2628-3-0. ISSN 0273-2033.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 McCarthy, John (June 14, 2022). "World's best ads ever #88: Lego lays the foundations for 40-year legacy with 'Kipper'". The Drum. Carnyx Group. Archived from the original on 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-08-17.
  6. ↑ Moody, Annemarie (May 28, 2008). "Children's TV Creator Dies Unexpectedly". Animation World Network. Van Nuys, California: Animation World Network. Archived from the original on 18 August 2024. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Myerson, Jeremy; Vickers, Graham (2002). Rewind: Forty Years of Design & Advertising. New York: Phaidon Press. pp. 252, 486. ISBN 0-7148-4271-0.
  8. ↑ Bishop, Louise, ed. (1996). "Graham Watson". The Art Direction Book. Crans, Switzerland: Rotovision SA. pp. 170–171. ISBN 2-88046-284-3.
  9. ↑ Watson, Graham (November 27, 2023). "BLOG/CAST: Graham Watson #1". Stuff From the Loft (Interview). Interviewed by Dave Dye. Archived from the original on 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-08-17. Includes three documents:
    • Hegarty, John (18 October 1979). "TBWA contract letter" (Letter to Graham Watson). Covent Garden, London: TBWA.
    • Watson, Graham; Cozens, Mike (25 April 1980). "'Kipper' TV/Radio Script" (Document). TBWA.
    • Watson, Graham; Cozens, Mike; Bearman, Jane (15 July 1980). "'Kipper' Contact Report" (Document). TBWA.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Robinson, Mark (2000). 100 Greatest TV Ads. London: HarperCollins. p. 34. ISBN 0-00-711123-1.
  11. ↑ "Kipper Back in the Menu for LEGO UK". LEGO.com Parents News. 27 November 2009. Archived from the original on 3 December 2009.
  12. ↑ Awdry, Will (23 September 2020). "Watson and Cozens". willawdry.blog. Archived from the original on 17 March 2025.
  13. ↑ Russel, Peter; Slingerland, Senta, eds. (2013). Game Changers: The Evolution of Advertising. Cologne: Taschen. p. 53. ISBN 978-3-8365-4524-2.
  14. ↑ Cozens, Mike (January 29, 2016). "INTERVIEW: Mike Cozens". Stuff From the Loft (Interview). Interviewed by Dave Dye. Archived from the original on 2024-08-18. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
  15. ↑ Marshall, Anne (1994). The Guinness Book of Winners. Enfield, London: Guinness Publishing. p. 5. ISBN 0-85112-791-6.
  16. ↑ Kanner, Bernice (1999). The 100 Best TV Commercials ...and Why They Worked. New York: Times Books. pp. 90–91. ISBN 0-8129-2995-0.
  17. ↑ "The 100 Greatest TV Ads". Channel 4 Television. 2000. Archived from the original on 18 June 2001.
  18. ↑ The 100 Greatest TV Ads (Repeat airing on 29 August 2004). London: Channel 4. 29 April 2000. Event occurs at 39:45-40:25. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
  19. ↑ Warlick, Mary, ed. (1990). Advertising's Ten Best Of The Decade 1980–1990. New York: The One Club for Art and Copy. p. 66. ISBN 0-929837-02-9.

External links

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