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''Kipper'' was created at the London branch of the [[Wikipedia:Advertising agency|advertising agency]] [[Wikipedia:TBWA Worldwide|TBWA]] by [[Wikipedia:Copywriting|copywritter]] Mike Cozens and [[Wikipedia:Art director|art director]] Graham Watson.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Cozens and Watson had joined TBWA in February 1980 and had developed two print advertisements for [[the LEGO Group]] before being briefed on a television project.<ref name="Dye Watson"/> The commercial had to be created on a limited budget; the two did not want to resort to making a "dull" presenter commercial, and spent numerous late nights developing the concept and working with the accounting team to get script approval. (They later also credited young relatives of theirs, David Cozens and Jamie Watson, with "advisory" roles.)<ref name="1981 One Show"/> The initial version of the script was completed by 25 April; this version did not contain the kipper/slipper pun and featured a tractor to tow the missile launcher away instead of the missile cruncher.<ref name="Dye Watson"/>
''Kipper'' was created at the London branch of the [[Wikipedia:Advertising agency|advertising agency]] [[Wikipedia:TBWA Worldwide|TBWA]] by [[Wikipedia:Copywriting|copywritter]] Mike Cozens and [[Wikipedia:Art director|art director]] Graham Watson.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Cozens and Watson had joined TBWA in February 1980 and had developed two print advertisements for [[the LEGO Group]] before being briefed on a television project.<ref name="Dye Watson"/> The commercial had to be created on a limited budget; the two did not want to resort to making a "dull" presenter commercial, and spent numerous late nights developing the concept and working with the accounting team to get script approval. (They later also credited young relatives of theirs, David Cozens and Jamie Watson, with "advisory" roles.)<ref name="1981 One Show"/> The initial version of the script was completed by 25 April; this version did not contain the kipper/slipper pun and featured a tractor to tow the missile launcher away instead of the missile cruncher.<ref name="Dye Watson"/>


[[File:Lego Dragon in the office TBWA.jpg|thumb|The dragon model used in ''Kipper''; in the ad only its front half is visible]]
[[File:Kipper - Lego Dragon in the office (cropped).jpg|thumb|The dragon model used in ''Kipper''; in the ad, only its front half is visible]]
[[File:David Lyall - Old King Cole, 1980 (cropped).jpg|thumb|David Lyall holding the mouse model]]
[[File:David Lyall - Old King Cole, 1980 (cropped).jpg|thumb|David Lyall holding the mouse model]]
The advertisement was managed on LEGO's end by [[Clive Nicholls]], the advertising manager of [[LEGO UK Ltd]].<ref name="Cook"/> The LEGO models for the film were created by [[David Lyall]], the chief model designer at LEGO UK.<ref name="Bricks n Pieces"/> The models were designed by mid-July and were finalised following adjustment suggestions given to Lyall on 23 July.<ref name="Dye Watson"/> The largest LEGO model in the film, the dragon, contained around {{formatnum:20000}} LEGO bricks.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Lyall made two versions of each model: one glued version and one to be assembled and disassembled for [[Wikipedia:Stop motion|stop motion]] filming.<ref name="Dye Watson"/> The stop motion models were built in stages during filming, with a few frames of footage being shot between each stage.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Animation was done by Denis Russo, while camera work and lighting were done by Tom Harrison.<ref name="Cook"/>{{R|Myerson|p=486}}  
The advertisement was managed on LEGO's end by [[Clive Nicholls]], the advertising manager of [[LEGO UK Ltd]].<ref name="Cook"/> The LEGO models for the film were created by [[David Lyall]], the chief model designer at LEGO UK.<ref name="Bricks n Pieces"/> The models were designed by mid-July and were finalised following adjustment suggestions given to Lyall on 23 July.<ref name="Dye Watson"/> The largest LEGO model in the film, the dragon, contained around {{formatnum:20000}} LEGO bricks.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Lyall made two versions of each model: one glued version and one to be assembled and disassembled for [[Wikipedia:Stop motion|stop motion]] filming.<ref name="Dye Watson"/> The stop motion models were built in stages during filming, with a few frames of footage being shot between each stage.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Animation was done by Denis Russo, while camera work and lighting were done by Tom Harrison.<ref name="Cook"/>{{R|Myerson|p=486}}  


Production was done by [[Wikipedia:Clearwater Features|Clearwater Films]], a studio founded by former [[Wikipedia:AP Films|Century 21]] directors [[Wikipedia:Ken Turner (director)|Ken Turner]] and [[Wikipedia:David Mitton|David Mitton]];<ref name="Moody"/><ref name="McCarthy"/> the two worked on ''Kipper'' as its director and producer, respectively.{{R|Myerson|p=486}} In a meeting with Cozens and Watson, Clearwater suggested building a detailed set with wallpaper and carpets for filming against, but Watson wanted to direct it "simply", using "just the skirting board and a reflective [glass] floor."<ref name="Bishop"/>{{R|Myerson|p=252}} Director Turner and his team planned out the timing for both the building sequences and for zooming and panning the camera, having to make sure the camera movement lined up with each stage of the models. Filming took place over the course of seventeen days, and was done without any retakes.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Watson later likened the filming process to watching paint dry.<ref name="Dye Watson"/>
Production was done by [[Wikipedia:Clearwater Features|Clearwater Films]], a studio founded by former [[Wikipedia:AP Films|Century 21]] directors [[Wikipedia:Ken Turner (director)|Ken Turner]] and [[Wikipedia:David Mitton|David Mitton]].<ref name="Moody"/><ref name="McCarthy"/> Turner and Mitton worked on ''Kipper'' as its director and producer, respectively.{{R|Myerson|p=486}} In a meeting with Cozens and Watson, Clearwater suggested building a detailed set with wallpaper and carpets for filming against, but Watson wanted to direct it "simply", using "just the skirting board and a reflective [glass] floor."<ref name="Bishop"/>{{R|Myerson|p=252}} Director Turner and his team planned out the timing for both the building sequences and for zooming and panning the camera, having to make sure the camera movement lined up with each stage of the models. Filming took place over the course of seventeen days, and was done without any retakes.<ref name="1981 One Show"/> Watson later likened the filming process to watching paint dry.<ref name="Dye Watson"/>


TBWA initially considered comedian [[Wikipedia:Mike Reid (actor)|Mike Reid]] for the advertisement’s [[Wikipedia:Voice-over|voice-over]]. They instead decided on [[Wikipedia:Tommy Cooper|Tommy Cooper]], as his performances had done well in research at the time even among international audiences. Cooper was ill at the time of recording, however, and [[Wikipedia:Impressionist (entertainment)|impressionist]] [[Wikipedia:Roger Kitter|Roger Kitter]] was hired to impersonate him; audiences were allegedly unable to tell the voice not Cooper's.<ref name="Robinson"/><ref name="McCarthy"/>
TBWA initially considered comedian [[Wikipedia:Mike Reid (actor)|Mike Reid]] for the advertisement’s [[Wikipedia:Voice-over|voice-over]]. They instead decided on [[Wikipedia:Tommy Cooper|Tommy Cooper]], as his performances had done well in research at the time even among international audiences. Cooper was ill at the time of recording, however, so [[Wikipedia:Impressionist (entertainment)|impressionist]] [[Wikipedia:Roger Kitter|Roger Kitter]] was hired to impersonate him; audiences were allegedly unable to tell the voice not Cooper's.<ref name="Robinson"/><ref name="McCarthy"/>


== Reception ==
== Reception ==

Revision as of 23:43, 19 August 2024

Kipper
The titular kipper and the submarine in the ad
AgencyTBWA/London
ClientLEGO UK Ltd
LanguageEnglish
MediaTelevision
Running time45 seconds
Release date(s)
  • 29 October 1980 (1980-10-29)[1]
Slogan
  • It's a new toy every day
Written by
  • Mike Cozens (copywriter)
  • Graham Watson (art director)
Directed byKen Turner
Starring
Production
company		Clearwater Films
Produced by
CountryUnited Kingdom

Kipper is a British stop-motion television commercial first aired in 1980.

Summary

The advertisement features two LEGO creatures battling by changing into new forms to defeat the other. A small LEGO mouse, who narrates the film, is standing by a mousehole when a LEGO cat appears. The mouse turns into a dog to scare the cat, but the cat becomes a fire-breathing dragon. The dog becomes a fire engine and extinguishes the dragon's flame. The back-and-forth transformation goes on as the two become a submarine that emerges from a puddle, a submarine-eating kipper (initially misheard as "slipper"), an "anti-kipper ballistic missile", a "missile cruncher", and finally an elephant. As the missile cruncher is about to be stepped on by the elephant, it changes back into a mouse, scaring the elephant and causing it to fall over.

Production

Kipper was created at the London branch of the advertising agency TBWA by copywritter Mike Cozens and art director Graham Watson.[2] Cozens and Watson had joined TBWA in February 1980 and had developed two print advertisements for the LEGO Group before being briefed on a television project.[3] The commercial had to be created on a limited budget; the two did not want to resort to making a "dull" presenter commercial, and spent numerous late nights developing the concept and working with the accounting team to get script approval. (They later also credited young relatives of theirs, David Cozens and Jamie Watson, with "advisory" roles.)[2] The initial version of the script was completed by 25 April; this version did not contain the kipper/slipper pun and featured a tractor to tow the missile launcher away instead of the missile cruncher.[3]

The dragon model used in Kipper; in the ad, only its front half is visible
David Lyall holding the mouse model

The advertisement was managed on LEGO's end by Clive Nicholls, the advertising manager of LEGO UK Ltd.[4] The LEGO models for the film were created by David Lyall, the chief model designer at LEGO UK.[5] The models were designed by mid-July and were finalised following adjustment suggestions given to Lyall on 23 July.[3] The largest LEGO model in the film, the dragon, contained around 20,000 LEGO bricks.[2] Lyall made two versions of each model: one glued version and one to be assembled and disassembled for stop motion filming.[3] The stop motion models were built in stages during filming, with a few frames of footage being shot between each stage.[2] Animation was done by Denis Russo, while camera work and lighting were done by Tom Harrison.[4][6]: 486 

Production was done by Clearwater Films, a studio founded by former Century 21 directors Ken Turner and David Mitton.[7][8] Turner and Mitton worked on Kipper as its director and producer, respectively.[6]: 486  In a meeting with Cozens and Watson, Clearwater suggested building a detailed set with wallpaper and carpets for filming against, but Watson wanted to direct it "simply", using "just the skirting board and a reflective [glass] floor."[9][6]: 252  Director Turner and his team planned out the timing for both the building sequences and for zooming and panning the camera, having to make sure the camera movement lined up with each stage of the models. Filming took place over the course of seventeen days, and was done without any retakes.[2] Watson later likened the filming process to watching paint dry.[3]

TBWA initially considered comedian Mike Reid for the advertisement’s voice-over. They instead decided on Tommy Cooper, as his performances had done well in research at the time even among international audiences. Cooper was ill at the time of recording, however, so impressionist Roger Kitter was hired to impersonate him; audiences were allegedly unable to tell the voice not Cooper's.[10][8]

Reception

Kipper was first aired on 29 October 1980.[1]

[11]

TBWA London co-founder John Hegarty[12] told Watson that Kipper would most likely win silver at best.[9]

In 2000 Kipper was featured in The 100 Greatest TV Ads, being voted at number 74 by Channel 4 viewers.[16][17]

In a 2016 interview Mike Cozens considered Kipper to still be as funny as when it had been written.[18]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Lego 'kipper' by TBWA". Campaign Live. London: Haymarket Media Group. 2016. Archived from the original on 17 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 The One Show: Advertising's Best Print, Radio, TV. Vol. 3. New York: The One Club for Art and Copy. 1982. pp. 46, 86. ISBN 0-960-2628-3-0. ISSN 0273-2033.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Watson, Graham (November 27, 2023). "BLOG/CAST: Graham Watson #1". Stuff From the Loft (Interview). Interviewed by Dave Dye. Archived from the original on 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-08-17.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Cook, Chris; Marshall, Anne (1981). The Guiness Book of Winners and Champions (2nd ed.). Enfield, London: Guiness Superlatives Limited. p. 5. ISBN 0-85112-218-3.
  5. ↑ Nicholls, Clive, ed. (Spring 1981). "A Merry Old Soul". Bricks 'n Pieces. No. 7. Wrexham, Clwyd: LEGO UK Ltd. p. 1.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Myerson, Jeremy; Vickers, Graham (2002). Rewind: Forty Years of Design & Advertising. New York: Phaidon Press. pp. 252, 486. ISBN 0-7148-4271-0.
  7. ↑ Moody, Annemarie (May 28, 2008). "Children's TV Creator Dies Unexpectedly". Animation World Network. Van Nuys: Animation World Network. Archived from the original on 18 August 2024. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 McCarthy, John (June 14, 2022). "World's best ads ever #88: Lego lays the foundations for 40-year legacy with 'Kipper'". The Drum. Carnyx Group. Archived from the original on 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-08-17.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Bishop, Louise, ed. (1996). The Art Direction Book. Crans, Switzerland: Rotovision SA. pp. 170–171. ISBN 2-88046-284-3.
  10. ↑ Robinson, Mark (2000). 100 Greatest TV Ads. London: HarperCollins. p. 34. ISBN 0-00-711123-1.
  11. ↑ Kanner, Bernice (1999). The 100 Best TV Commercials ...and Why They Worked. New York: Times Books. pp. 90–91. ISBN 0-8129-2995-0.
  12. ↑ Fletcher, Winston (2008). "Powers of Persuasion – The Inside Story of British Advertising: 1951–2000". Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 192–193. ISBN 978-0-19-922801-0.
  13. ↑ Russel, Peter; Slingerland, Senta, eds. (2013). Game Changers: The Evolution of Advertising. Cologne: Taschen. p. 53. ISBN 978-3-8365-4524-2.
  14. ↑ Warlick, Mary, ed. (1990). Advertising's Ten Best Of The Decade 1980–1990. New York: The One Club for Art and Copy. p. 66. ISBN 0-929837-02-9.
  15. ↑ Marshall, Anne (1994). The Guinness Book of Winners. Enfield, London: Guinness Publishing. p. 5. ISBN 0-85112-791-6.
  16. ↑ "The 100 Greatest TV Ads". Channel 4 Television. 2000. Archived from the original on 18 June 2001.
  17. ↑ The 100 Greatest TV Ads (Repeat airing on 29 August 2004). London: Channel 4. 29 April 2000. Event occurs at 39:45-40:25. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
  18. ↑ Cozens, Mike (January 29, 2016). "INTERVIEW: Mike Cozens". Stuff From the Loft (Interview). Interviewed by Dave Dye. Archived from the original on 2024-08-18. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
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